An acid can react with bases, alkalis and carbonates to form a salt and water.
Carbon dioxide is produced when carbonates are used
The process is referred to as neutralisation
eg
HCl + NaOH -----> NaCl + H[sub]2[/sub]O
2HCl + Na[sub]2[/sub]CO[sub]3[/sub] ------> 2NaCl + H[sub]2[/sub]O + CO[sub]2[/sub]
[b]The Basics of Acid Base Reactions[/b]
[li] Determine the concentration of an unknown acid
- by measuring the amount of acid required to neutralise a fixed volume of a known concentration of base[/li]
[li]Determine the concentration of an unknown base
- by titrating it against a fixed volume of known concentration of acid [/li]
[b]Acid Base Titrations[/b]
Acid-Base Titrations fall into 4 categories
1. strong acid - strong base
2. strong acid - weak base
3. strong base- weak acid
4. weak acid - weak base
When a weak or strong acid is being analysed it is usual to use a strong base as standard solution to titrate against
[li]Similarly when a weak or strong base is being analysed it is usual to use a strong acid as standard solution to titrate against[/li]
[li]Never use weak acid with weak base.[/li]
[b]The PH At The Endpoint Of Titration [/b]
[table id="xchangetbl" ][thead][tr]
[th] Acid[/th]
[th]Base [/th]
[th]PH at Endpoint [/th]
[/tr][/thead][tbody]
[tr][td]Strong[/td][td]Strong[/td][td]7[/td][/tr]
[tr id="alt"][td]Strong[/td][td]Weak[/td][td]<7[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Weak[/td][td]Strong[/td][td]>7[/td][/tr]
[tr id="alt"][td]Weak[/td][td]Weak[/td][td]~7[/td][/tr]
[/tbody][/table]
Introduction To Volumetric Analysis <--[a href="?id=1011-160-1&t=Volumetric-Analysis-|-An-Introduction"]Prev[/a] Next--->
Contributed by Nuruddin Boateng- MBCS,MNZCS,MSc IT,BSc(Hons)Chemistry, Dip Ed.
Source:
Please rate this
Poor
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
Excellent
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
![](/images/whitestar.png)
Votes: 0 |NaN out of 5